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Honing Rods

It's supposed to keep your knife sharp, but does it work?

What You Need to Know

We’ve all sat at holiday tables watching our host put on a show before carving the roast, slashing a knife in the air, back and forth, against a honing rod—swish, swish, swish. It sure looks impressive, but I’ve always secretly wondered: Does that really sharpen a knife?

To find out, I bought nine honing rods. All had the same basic design, a sticklike rod with a handle on one end. The rods themselves ranged from 8 to 12 inches long and were made of steel, ceramic, or diamond-coated steel. Their surfaces varied, ranging from smooth to ridged to a combination of textures. The most unusual model was a handle with two interchangeable rods—one diamond-coated steel, the other ceramic. To test them, I bought nine copies of our favorite chef’s knife, a sheaf of copy paper, dozens of tomatoes, and a glass cutting board (the fastest way to dull any knife) and headed to the kitchen.

To this honing novice, everything about this tool was confusing, starting with the terminology. When I researched “honing rods,” “honing steels,” “sharpening steels,” and “sharpening rods,” I found that there was no industry consistency, with some sources insisting that these were different tools and others using the terms interchangeably. Did these tools all perform the same function? I included some of every type to find out.

The Best Way To Hone A Knife

Since I’d never used a honing rod, I read the instructions (though some arrived without any) and practiced. The test kitchen’s preferred technique is to plant the tip of the rod on a cutting board, hold it straight, and slide the knife from heel to tip down each side of the rod at about a 15-degree angle, maintaining light, consistent pressure. While you could hone in the air, like my holiday host, we find this less reliable because you have two moving pieces, which makes it harder to keep a consistent angle. Happily, I discovered that honing is not that scary or difficult. You get a feel for it after several minutes’ practice. 

Dull knives can't slice into copy paper, and they squash tomatoes. We dulled new chef's knives before using the honing rods to try to bring back their sharp edges.

I dulled the cutting edges of nine new chef’s knives on that hard glass cutting board by chopping until the blade failed to cut smoothly through paper. This accelerated the typical effects of much longer use on more forgiving wood or plastic boards. I assigned one knife to each rod and started to hone.

Before honing and again after every few swipes, I tried to slice paper to help me gauge whether the blades’ sharpness had improved. Then, since nobody slices up paper for dinner, I used the newly honed knives to slice tomatoes, knowing that sharp knives would glide through tough tomato skin, while dull ones would squash it, making oozing slices. Next, I asked five testers with varying levels of honing experience to repeat my tests. Finally, I took the honing rods and the corresponding blades to a lab at MIT to examine them under a high-powered microscope. The results were revealing.

Key Steps to Honing Your Knife

1. Hold the rod straight up, with the tip planted on a folded, slightly damp dish towel to anchor it securely, so the only moving part will be your knife. This helps you keep a consistent motion, which is important for good results.

2. Start with the heel (back corner) of the knife blade at top of the rod. Tilt the knife away from the rod at a 15-degree angle. Keeping that angle, draw the knife smoothly and fairly lightly down the rod. As it descends, you are also sliding the knife from heel to tip, pulling it down and toward your body. It sounds more complicated than it is. A few minutes’ practice makes perfect. 

3. Alternate sides of the hone with each stroke. A half-dozen strokes on each side should be enough for a light touch-up.

4. Try to duplicate your motion and pressure on each side of the hone. This is important if you want to keep the knife’s cutting edge straight. 

Surprise: Honing Works

All the rods very quickly improved the knives’ cutting edges, usually within a half-dozen swipes on each side of a blade, but not all the rods produced equally improved edges. Our testers gave higher performance scores to the rods whose knives sliced paper and tomatoes most smoothly and effortlessly. Also, not all rods were equally easy to use.

We examined hones and knives under a microscope at MIT. The cutting edge of a Victorinox chef’s knife became buckled and bent after being dulled on a glass cutting board.

The rods’ textures affected both comfort and performance. The roughest diamond-coated rod made a hideous scraping sound that testers hated as it scratched the knives’ blades. Another, more finely textured diamond-coated rod also roughed up our knives, but to a lesser extent. Both appeared to remove more metal from the blades than smoother rods, and we could see gray streaks when we wiped the blades on white dish towels. “I’d worry that if I got the angle wrong with these, I’d really damage my knife,” one tester said. Under the microscope, these impressions were proven: The rod that felt roughest was covered with bigger, more irregular diamond grains, while the rod that felt finer-textured actually was. While we like diamond-coated steel as the sharpening medium in our favorite electric and manual sharpeners, those tools have multiple sharpening slots that offer a progression of coarser-to-finer grit, ending with the gentlest finishing slot, but these diamond honing rods offered only one grit—a rough one. 

Ridges provided good control and edge shaping while smooth surfaces polished blades. Diamond coatings ate away too much material.

More moderately textured rods, such as those with ridges running vertically along their entire length, hit a middle ground, appealing to some testers who felt that the ridges provided a certain amount of “grippiness” that helped control angle and speed as we swiped blades along them. They were effective in restoring the knife edge with less scratching than diamond-coated rods. Under the microscope, we noticed that ridged rods differed in the number, proportion, and uniformity of their ridges. The ridges on one highly ranked model were more abundant, fine, and uniform than those on lower-ranked models with ridges. 

In the end, though, testers gave top marks to rods with smooth surfaces and rods with combinations of smooth plus lightly ridged textures, choosing them over the rods that were ridged all over. Like fine-grit whetstones, smooth-surfaced rods restored sharpness and left our blades with polished edges. On rods with dual textures, we usually started with a few swipes on the textured sides and then turned the rods 90 degrees to use the smooth sides for finishing the edges.

Contrary to conventional wisdom, even the smoothest rod still removes metal. We saw gray streaks—metal from the blades—all over our white ceramic rods. Experts warn that this hard-to-remove residue eventually builds up on ceramic rods, filling the surface pores and making them less effective at honing (see “A Neat Trick for Cleaning Ceramic Honing Rods”).

Other Factors To Consider

The length of a rod also mattered. The rods (minus handles) ranged from 8 to 12 inches long, and most testers agreed that longer lengths made it easier to keep the knife angle consistent and to run the entire blades down the rods. While we could shorten the stroke for a short rod, it took more effort; plus, we often found ourselves swiping the blade at a too‑wide angle on one side when we reached under the hand we used to hold the rod in place. Angle consistency is hard enough to achieve without obstacles.

One of the shortest rods also tapered sharply at the tip, a feature that testers disliked; rods of more consistent thickness helped us make predictably consistent knife swipes. We preferred thicker rods, too: These ranged from 3 to 5 centimeters in circumference at their centers; highly rated rods were among the thickest. Testers said that thicker rods made them feel more secure in controlling the movement of the knife. At the extreme, we especially liked one model’s unique flattened-oval shape; typically, honing rods are round.

And while they seem like minor factors, certain handle and tip designs made rods much easier or harder to use. Handles came in a variety of materials, but material didn’t significantly influence our preferences. What did matter was the shape of the handle where it attached to the rod: We preferred handles that didn’t flare out too broadly. Big, protective guards got in the way when honing with the tip of the rod planted on a cutting board. They forced us into a wider approach angle that wasn’t correct for our knife or made us start sliding the knife lower on the rod. A few handles came with “angle guides” built in to help us achieve a 15-degree angle, but in practice these were confusing to follow and often launched us in an odd direction, almost chopping into the rod. It’s important to try to swipe the blade at a consistent, narrow angle (as close as possible to 15 degrees to match the angle of our winning chef’s knife) along both sides of the rod, and this simply was easier to do when there was nothing in the way.

A Neat Trick for Cleaning Ceramic Honing Rods

The very first time you use a ceramic honing rod, especially one made of snow-white ceramic, you will see that the knife leaves long gray stripes on the rod. These stripes are the residue of metal removed from the knife edge (they’re equally present on black ceramic hones, just harder to spot). Eventually, the porous ceramic surface will become clogged and the rod won’t perform as effectively. Rinsing and soaping the rod makes little difference. But we learned a trick that works like a charm: Rub it with a standard rubber pencil eraser and you’ll see the metal filings come off instantly, restoring the clean, white surface in seconds.

Tips were a minor but important part of the rod. Some rods came with rubbery or pointed tips meant to help them stay planted securely on the cutting board, but often these failed and let the rod slide around as we worked. We didn’t rely on them; instead, we used an old test kitchen trick, placing the tip on a folded, slightly dampened dish towel, which worked like a charm.

The Best Honing Rod For Your Chef’s Knife: Bob Kramer Double Cut Sharpening Steel

After hours of dulling and honing knives, we found our favorite: the Bob Kramer Double-Cut Sharpening Steel. We were surprised at how quickly it restored a sharper, polished edge. This rod made it easy to maintain a consistent knife angle because it was one of the longest and widest in our lineup. This is a steel rod with dual surfaces, two finely textured and two smooth, which helped gently align and touch up blades without apparent damage or removing excessive metal and gave us two stages for restoring the blade edge. (Generally you’d start with the textured sides and then move to the smooth sides, but both may not be necessary every time; it depends on how dull your knife feels). We tested this rod on our favorite carbon-steel chef’s knives and 12" slicing knife with equally good results. Since it’s a bit pricey at nearly $50, we also chose a Best Buy: the Idahone Fine Ceramic Sharpening Rod, 12", which costs about $35. Like our top-rated model, this rod is also 12 inches long and comfortable to use, and its smooth white ceramic surface was comparatively gentle while still effectively touching up the knife’s edge.

  • Rod made of steel or ceramic; no diamond coating
  • Surface texture that’s lightly ribbed and/or smooth
  • Relatively thick rod that is consistently thick from base of handle to tip
  • Longer rod length (10 to 12 inches)
  • Handle that doesn’t flare out over rod and impede honing action

  • Measure length of tool, with and without handle
  • Measure circumference of rod halfway between tip and handle
  • Assign new chef’s knife to each rod; test sharpness of blades before honing
  • Using glass cutting board, repeatedly chop (about 12 times) until knives no longer slice smoothly through copy paper but instead rip, bend, and drag sheet
  • Use rod with test kitchen’s preferred honing technique, with rod point-down on cutting board, testing edge after every 3 strokes of blade on each side of rod, until it slices paper; continue honing until edge improvement appears to level off (After initial round of honing, in which some tips slipped, we used folded dish towels under tip of all hones to anchor them)
  • Slice tomatoes as thin as possible
  • Repeat dulling and honing tests with 5 additional testers
  • Use top-rated rod on favorite carbon-steel and slicing knives
05:04

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Everything We Tested

Good 3 Stars out of 3.
Fair 2 Stars out of 3.
Poor 1 Star out of 3.

Highly Recommended

  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition

WinnerBob Kramer Double-Cut Sharpening Steel

This tool had one of the longest and thickest hones in our lineup; testers found it easy to use. The rod's two alternating textures, lightly ridged and smooth, let you choose to start gently with the smooth side or be a bit more aggressive by using the ridges first. Under a microscope, we noticed that this rod had more and finer-textured ridges than others in this style. “Wow,” one tester said, praising the way the freshly honed blade glided through paper and tomatoes. Using it “felt really natural” to most testers, and the results were “beautiful.”
Model Number: 893388Style: SteelTextures: Ridged and smoothCircumference: 4 cmLength Overall: 17 inLength of Hone: 12 inPrice at Time of Testing: $47.96
  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition
This tool had one of the longest and thickest hones in our lineup; testers found it easy to use. The rod's two alternating textures, lightly ridged and smooth, let you choose to start gently with the smooth side or be a bit more aggressive by using the ridges first. Under a microscope, we noticed that this rod had more and finer-textured ridges than others in this style. “Wow,” one tester said, praising the way the freshly honed blade glided through paper and tomatoes. Using it “felt really natural” to most testers, and the results were “beautiful.”
Model Number: 893388Style: SteelTextures: Ridged and smoothCircumference: 4 cmLength Overall: 17 inLength of Hone: 12 inPrice at Time of Testing: $47.96
  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition

Best BuyIdahone Fine Ceramic Sharpening Rod, 12"

This smooth, white ceramic rod was easy to use, with a length that gave us plenty of space. Its wood handle was comfortable and compact, with no overhand to block us from getting the right blade angle. It took slightly longer to achieve a sharper knife edge than our top-rated tool because of its smooth, less-abrasive texture, but it worked while being comparatively gentle on our knife.
Model Number: R-12BStyle: CeramicTexture: SmoothCircumference: 4.25 cmLength Overall: 17 inLength of Hone: 12 inPrice at Time of Testing: $34.99
  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition
This smooth, white ceramic rod was easy to use, with a length that gave us plenty of space. Its wood handle was comfortable and compact, with no overhand to block us from getting the right blade angle. It took slightly longer to achieve a sharper knife edge than our top-rated tool because of its smooth, less-abrasive texture, but it worked while being comparatively gentle on our knife.
Model Number: R-12BStyle: CeramicTexture: SmoothCircumference: 4.25 cmLength Overall: 17 inLength of Hone: 12 inPrice at Time of Testing: $34.99

Recommended

  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition

MAC 10½″ Black Ceramic Honing Rod with Grooves

We liked this black ceramic rod, which offered both textured and smooth sides, though it was slightly shorter than higher-rated models and some testers felt that the edge of the rubbery tip got in the way of a smooth knife sweep. However, its performance was strong: “I really got a nicely polished edge,” said one tester, “and it was comfortable to hold.” Minor quibbles: The ridged sides were extra-narrow and didn't line up precisely with the rod's square handle shape, which confused some testers when they were turning the rod to choose a texture. But the results won over most testers: “Feels great; the knife's a LOT better,” said one.
Model Number: SRB-104Style: CeramicTextures: Ridged and smoothCircumference: 5 cmLength Overall: 15.75 inLength of Hone: 10.5 inPrice at Time of Testing: $54.93
  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition
We liked this black ceramic rod, which offered both textured and smooth sides, though it was slightly shorter than higher-rated models and some testers felt that the edge of the rubbery tip got in the way of a smooth knife sweep. However, its performance was strong: “I really got a nicely polished edge,” said one tester, “and it was comfortable to hold.” Minor quibbles: The ridged sides were extra-narrow and didn't line up precisely with the rod's square handle shape, which confused some testers when they were turning the rod to choose a texture. But the results won over most testers: “Feels great; the knife's a LOT better,” said one.
Model Number: SRB-104Style: CeramicTextures: Ridged and smoothCircumference: 5 cmLength Overall: 15.75 inLength of Hone: 10.5 inPrice at Time of Testing: $54.93
  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition

Wüsthof Honing Steel, Triple Rivet, 10″

This 10-inch rod was slightly shorter than highly rated models, but its all-over ridged design was effective, giving it a “nice grippiness” as we swiped the knife, though its texture was slightly rougher on the blade than higher-rated, less-textured rods. After trying the honed blade on tomatoes, one tester just said, “Oooh, smooth.” However, another noted that the brand's logo was cut into the ridges on this rod, making a spot to avoid.
Model Number: 4478-7/26Style: SteelTexture: RidgedCircumference: 3.5 cmLength Overall: 14.75 inLength of Hone: 10 inPrice at Time of Testing: $29.95
  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition
This 10-inch rod was slightly shorter than highly rated models, but its all-over ridged design was effective, giving it a “nice grippiness” as we swiped the knife, though its texture was slightly rougher on the blade than higher-rated, less-textured rods. After trying the honed blade on tomatoes, one tester just said, “Oooh, smooth.” However, another noted that the brand's logo was cut into the ridges on this rod, making a spot to avoid.
Model Number: 4478-7/26Style: SteelTexture: RidgedCircumference: 3.5 cmLength Overall: 14.75 inLength of Hone: 10 inPrice at Time of Testing: $29.95
  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition

Victorinox Swiss Classic 10-Inch Honing Steel

This shorter-than-ideal ridged steel rod was made by the same company as our favorite chef's knife. Testers liked its compact handle, which supported their hands without getting in the way. The texture felt “pretty aggressive,” warned one tester, “but it took fewer passes to use it.” Another praised the blade's “really nice job slicing tomatoes.”
Model Number: 6.8002.US1Style: SteelTexture: RidgedCircumference: 3.5 cmLength Overall: 14.75 inLength of Hone: 9.75 inPrice at Time of Testing: $19.95
  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition
This shorter-than-ideal ridged steel rod was made by the same company as our favorite chef's knife. Testers liked its compact handle, which supported their hands without getting in the way. The texture felt “pretty aggressive,” warned one tester, “but it took fewer passes to use it.” Another praised the blade's “really nice job slicing tomatoes.”
Model Number: 6.8002.US1Style: SteelTexture: RidgedCircumference: 3.5 cmLength Overall: 14.75 inLength of Hone: 9.75 inPrice at Time of Testing: $19.95
  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition

Shun Classic Combination Honing Steel

Shorter than our favorites, this ridged rod felt “very well made,” but we thought it forced us into slightly cramped, awkward swipes of the knife, and one tester kept hitting the cutting board at the end of every stroke. The areas of smooth and ridged textures were hard to locate, testers reported. This rod didn't appear to scratch our knife much. The blade sliced tomatoes well and felt “supersharp.”
Model Number: DM0790Style: SteelTextures: Ridged and smoothCircumference: 3 cmLength Overall: 13.75 inLength of Hone: 9 inPrice at Time of Testing: $39.95
  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition
Shorter than our favorites, this ridged rod felt “very well made,” but we thought it forced us into slightly cramped, awkward swipes of the knife, and one tester kept hitting the cutting board at the end of every stroke. The areas of smooth and ridged textures were hard to locate, testers reported. This rod didn't appear to scratch our knife much. The blade sliced tomatoes well and felt “supersharp.”
Model Number: DM0790Style: SteelTextures: Ridged and smoothCircumference: 3 cmLength Overall: 13.75 inLength of Hone: 9 inPrice at Time of Testing: $39.95

Recommended with reservations

  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition

Chef'sChoice Diamond Sharpening Oval Steel—10″

Testers enjoyed the unique flattened-oval shape of this rod, saying that it felt easier to keep consistent contact between knife and steel. But this rod was slightly shorter than higher-rated models, and its diamond coating felt “too aggressive” and left the blade “all scratched up.” “It got it sharp,” said one tester, “but it feels rough.” “It's definitely taking off a ton of metal,” agreed another.
Model Number: 4161000Style: SteelTexture: Diamond-coatedCircumference: 4.25 cmLength Overall: 15.38 inLength of Hone: 10 inPrice at Time of Testing: $34.54
  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition
Testers enjoyed the unique flattened-oval shape of this rod, saying that it felt easier to keep consistent contact between knife and steel. But this rod was slightly shorter than higher-rated models, and its diamond coating felt “too aggressive” and left the blade “all scratched up.” “It got it sharp,” said one tester, “but it feels rough.” “It's definitely taking off a ton of metal,” agreed another.
Model Number: 4161000Style: SteelTexture: Diamond-coatedCircumference: 4.25 cmLength Overall: 15.38 inLength of Hone: 10 inPrice at Time of Testing: $34.54
  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition

OXO Good Grips Professional Sharpening Steel

This ridged steel had a comfortable handle, though we didn't like its flared shape, which tended to get in our way. The rod was a bit short and took slightly longer than others to restore the edge of our knife; the blade emerged a bit scratched. Still, after honing, it cut through paper and tomato reasonably well.
Model Number: 1064647V1Style: SteelTexture: RidgedCircumference: 3.25 cmLength Overall: 13.75 inLength of Hone: 9 inPrice at Time of Testing: $14.99
  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition
This ridged steel had a comfortable handle, though we didn't like its flared shape, which tended to get in our way. The rod was a bit short and took slightly longer than others to restore the edge of our knife; the blade emerged a bit scratched. Still, after honing, it cut through paper and tomato reasonably well.
Model Number: 1064647V1Style: SteelTexture: RidgedCircumference: 3.25 cmLength Overall: 13.75 inLength of Hone: 9 inPrice at Time of Testing: $14.99

Not Recommended

  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition

Worksharp Culinary M3 Kitchen Knife Sharpener

This innovative model, with interchangeable diamond-coated steel and ceramic rods, seemed like a good idea, but although we liked the ceramic rod, every tester cringed at the crunching sound of the knife against the rough diamond-coated rod, which scratched the blade. Under a microscope, those diamonds looked like boulders and the knife edge appeared to have been attacked by bear claws. Both rods were shorter than we prefer, and the handle's angle guide confused rather than helped us. The hone comes with a cover.
Model Number: M3Style: Handle with two rodsTextures: Diamond-coated steel, smooth ceramicCircumference: 3 cm steel; 4 cm ceramicLength Overall: 14.75 inLength of Hone: 8.25 inPrice at Time of Testing: $49.95
  • Ease of Use
  • Performance
  • Blade Condition
This innovative model, with interchangeable diamond-coated steel and ceramic rods, seemed like a good idea, but although we liked the ceramic rod, every tester cringed at the crunching sound of the knife against the rough diamond-coated rod, which scratched the blade. Under a microscope, those diamonds looked like boulders and the knife edge appeared to have been attacked by bear claws. Both rods were shorter than we prefer, and the handle's angle guide confused rather than helped us. The hone comes with a cover.
Model Number: M3Style: Handle with two rodsTextures: Diamond-coated steel, smooth ceramicCircumference: 3 cm steel; 4 cm ceramicLength Overall: 14.75 inLength of Hone: 8.25 inPrice at Time of Testing: $49.95

*All products reviewed by America’s Test Kitchen are independently chosen, researched, and reviewed by our editors. We buy products for testing at retail locations and do not accept unsolicited samples for testing. We list suggested sources for recommended products as a convenience to our readers but do not endorse specific retailers. When you choose to purchase our editorial recommendations from the links we provide, we may earn an affiliate commission. Prices are subject to change.

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The Expert

Author: Lisa McManus

byLisa McManus

Executive Editor, ATK Reviews

Lisa is an executive editor for ATK Reviews, cohost of Gear Heads on YouTube, and gadget expert on TV's America's Test Kitchen.

Lisa McManus is an executive editor for ATK Reviews, cohost of Gear Heads on YouTube, host of Cook's Illustrated's Equipment Review videos, and a cast member—the gadget expert—on TV's America's Test Kitchen. A passionate home cook, sometime waitress, and longtime journalist, she graduated from Columbia University's Graduate School of Journalism and worked at magazines and newspapers in New York and California before returning like a homing pigeon to New England. In 2006 she got her dream job at ATK reviewing kitchen equipment and ingredients and has been pretty thrilled about it ever since. Her favorite thing is to go somewhere new and find something good to eat.

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